The term “knife fencing” or “short knife fencing” refers to the art of armed struggle with a knife.

This is a form of hand-to-hand combat in which one or both opponents are armed with knives.

It is a discipline that requires precision, speed and skill, and is practiced both as a sport and as a form of self-defense in some cultures and contexts.

While traditional fencing (with sword, saber or foil) has well-defined rules and conventions, knife fencing can vary greatly depending on cultural traditions, schools and fighting styles.

There are many schools and systems of knife fencing around the world, each with its own techniques and philosophies.

Knife fencing is a fascinating and complex branch of the art of fencing and martial disciplines.

While traditional fencing often focuses on the use of long swords such as saber, foil or sword, knife fencing focuses on the use and defense against short white weapons, mainly knives.

This discipline combines speed, agility, precision and a deep understanding of the dynamics of close combat.

The history of knife fencing has its roots in multiple cultures and traditions.

Each region, from the Philippines with their “Eskrima” to Europe with its historical traditions of dueling, has developed distinct techniques and styles based on the needs, circumstances and weapons available.

Beyond pure technique, knife fencing requires a specific mentality.

Unlike other weapons, the knife is easily accessible, often carried for everyday purposes and can quickly turn into a tool of defense or attack.

This immediacy and closeness make knife fighting particularly intense and personal, somehow intimate.

In the modern world, knife fencing is often studied for self-defense reasons, but also as an art form, sport, or cultural expression.

Many practitioners are attracted by the combination of physical dexterity, mental strategy and historical depth that this discipline offers.

However, as with all martial arts, knife fencing comes with a great deal of responsibility.

The techniques learned are life-threatening and should be practiced with respect, discipline and under the guidance of qualified instructors.

Knife fencing is not only the art of combat, but also the art of understanding, controlling, and, in many cases, preventing conflict.

Some examples of martial arts that include knife fencing techniques are:

1. Filipino Arnis/Eskrima/Kali system: This is perhaps one of the most famous systems for fighting with knives, sticks and other short weapons.
2. 
   Silat
   : A family of Southeast Asian martial arts that often includes knife fighting training.
3. Krav Maga: Although primarily a self-defense system, Israeli Krav Maga includes techniques to defend against knife attacks.
4. Systema: A Russian martial art that, among other things, deals with defense against knife attacks.
5. Traditional Italian/Spanish/North African knife fencing: these are ancient traditions that many countries have developed for defense purposes and that integrate the use of the knife.

If you are interested in learning knife fencing, it is essential to look for a qualified instructor and a reliable school.

Since knife fighting is life-threatening, it is crucial to have proper and safe training.

Before describing some attack techniques in short knife fencing, it is important to emphasize that such techniques should be learned and practiced under the direct supervision of a qualified instructor.

Improper use or application of these techniques can lead to serious or fatal injury.

Knife fencing is not a “safe” sport in the traditional sense and must be treated with the utmost seriousness and respect.

Some common attachment techniques in short knife fencing include:

1. Horizontal and vertical cuts: These are basic attachments that can be performed at a variety of angles. They may target parts of the body such as the neck, limbs, and chest.
2. Stabbing: A stab is a direct attack, often aimed at vital areas such as the chest, abdomen or throat.
3. Curved or “croquette” cuts: These are attacks that follow a curved path and can be used to bypass the opponent’s guard.
4. Slash: Similar to a cut, but performed with a quick and superficial movement, often to create a distraction or to prepare another attack.
5. Attachments with the back of the knife: Not all knives are sharp on both sides, but those that are can be used to attack with the opposite side of the blade.
6. Spike attacks: Similar to a stab, but performed with the tip of the knife in a “staking” movement.
7. Combined attacks: A series of movements that combines different techniques to confuse or overwhelm the opponent.

It is also important to consider the position of the hand and the handle of the knife.

For example, the knife can be held with the blade facing up (reverse handle) or down (standard handle).

Each grip offers advantages and disadvantages and can influence the type and nature of the attachments available.

Again, it is essential to emphasize the importance of practicing these techniques in a safe environment and under the guidance of an expert.

Defense in knife fencing is crucial, given the lethal potential of the weapon.

Here are some basic defense techniques in short knife fencing, but, as with any technique, it is essential to train under the guidance of a qualified instructor.

1. Parries: These are blocking techniques used to deflect or stop an incoming attack. You can parry using the blade, the back of the knife or the free arm, depending on the situation.
2. Dissuasion: This involves the use of rapid movements of the knife or free arm to disturb or interrupt an attack before it can be carried out.
3. Dodge: Move out of the line of attack, often combined with an immediate counterattack. The idea is to avoid the blow rather than block or parry it.
4. Attacking arm control: Capturing or controlling the opponent’s attacking arm can prevent them from completing the attack and provide a chance for counterattack.
5. Re-direction: Use leverage or pressure to redirect the force of an incoming attack, bringing the opponent out of balance or into a vulnerable position.
6. Distance and positioning: Keep a safe distance from your opponent and position yourself so that you have an advantage. This may involve using circular or lateral movements to stay out of the direct line of attack.
7. Counterattacks: After successfully defending an attack, a counterattack can be performed to exploit the position or status of the opponent.
8. Use of the free arm: If the arm that does not hold the knife is free, it can be used to parry, push, grab or even strike.
9. Ground techniques: If you end up on the ground, there are specific techniques to protect yourself and fight back. However, in most situations, it is best to avoid ending up on the ground when there are weapons in play.
10. Defense against grips and immobilizations: If the opponent tries to grab or immobilize you, there are specific techniques to free yourself and/or counterattack.
11. General strategy: Sometimes, the best defense can be a tactical retreat or an escape. The priority should always be safety.

Importantly, defending against a knife is extremely dangerous.

Even with intensive training, there is always a significant risk of injury.

Knife fencing, and in particular knife defense, should be approached with the utmost seriousness.

Footwork in short knife fencing is one of the most vital aspects of training.

A good footwork allows the individual to maintain balance, speed, agility and, above all, to position himself optimally both to attack and to defend.

Here are some fundamentals of footwork in knife fencing:

1. Basic step: Similar to that in traditional fencing, the step back and forth is performed while maintaining a low and stable posture. The feet never cross, ensuring mobility and balance.
2. Lateral step: This step is used to move laterally with respect to the opponent, avoiding direct attacks and looking for advantageous angles.
3. Circular step or pivot: By rotating on one foot, you can quickly change direction and angle, often used to evade an attack or position yourself for a counterattack.
4. Esquiva step: A quick lateral or diagonal movement to avoid an incoming attack. This can be followed by a counterattack.
5. Retreat: A quick backward movement to create distance or avoid an attack.
6. Changing of guard: By changing the position of the feet, you can quickly vary the angle and distance with respect to the opponent.
7. Restart: A technique to quickly change direction, often used to surprise the opponent or avoid an attack.
8. Maintain good posture: Balance is crucial in knife fencing. Keeping weight centered and a low position helps you move quickly and react to attacks.

A crucial aspect of footwork in knife fencing is awareness of space and the surrounding environment.

Unlike traditional fencing, which takes place on a outlined track, knife fencing may be in confined spaces or with obstacles.

As with all techniques in knife fencing, footwork should be practiced regularly and under the supervision of a qualified instructor.

The key is fluidity, speed and the ability to quickly adapt to various situations.

In short knife fencing, strategy is crucial. Although specific tactics may vary depending on the system or style, some fundamental strategies can be applied in many contexts. Here are some general strategies:

1. Distance control: Maintaining an optimal distance allows you to react to your opponent’s attacks and launch your attacks effectively. You need to know when to approach and when to move away.
2. Economy of movement: Excessive or unnecessary movements can expose you to risks or consume energy unnecessarily. The key is to move with precision and efficiency.
3. Feint and deception: Use feints to confuse or induce the opponent to make mistakes, creating openings for real attacks.
4. Opponent analysis: Observe and evaluate the opponent’s movements, habits, and patterns. This will help you predict and counterattack effectively.
5. Combined attacks: Using a series of attacks in combination can break the opponent’s guard or force him into a defensive position.
6. Active Defense: Instead of passively waiting for the opponent’s attack, use your defense as an opportunity to counterattack or implement other strategies.
7. Rhythm control: The pace of the meeting varies. This can disorient the opponent and give him fewer opportunities to anticipate your moves.
8. Use of the environment: If possible, use your surroundings to your advantage, such as inducing your opponent into a tight space or using obstacles as cover.
9. Energy conservation: It is essential not to run out too quickly. Maintaining good stamina will allow you to remain effective throughout the entire meeting.
10. Adaptability: Being flexible and able to adapt to various situations is crucial. Every opponent and every situation is unique, so the ability to change tactics on the fly is valuable.
11. Keep calm: Especially in high-tension situations, it is essential to stay calm and focused. Loss of composure can lead to serious mistakes.

Remember, knife fencing is an extremely dangerous discipline, and any real combat situation is unpredictable.

While training and strategy can provide an advantage, it’s always best to avoid real conflicts whenever possible.

In short knife fencing, as in other martial arts and combat disciplines, the right equipment is critical to ensure both the effectiveness of training and the safety of practitioners. Here are some of the most common equipment used:

1. Training Knives: These are cordless and often pointless knives, made of plastic, rubber or metal. They are used to practice techniques safely without the risk of cuts or injuries.
2. Hand Protection: Special gloves can protect your hands from accidental blows during exercises. These can range from traditional fencing gloves to those specific to knife fencing.
3. Face Masks and Protection: Fencing masks or protective visors can prevent injury to the face or eyes.
4. Body Protection: Padded vests or vests can protect the chest and abdomen from accidental blows. Some of these may have additional padding in critical areas.
5. Limb protectors: Armguards and shin guards can be useful, especially during sparring or advanced exercises.
6. Pectorals: These protect the chest, especially important for women.
7. Throat cover or throat protector: Prevent accidental blows to the neck region.
8. Footwear: Specific shoes can provide adequate traction and protect the feet.
9. Electronic Knives or Knives with Markers: Some training knives have electronic features that detect when you have “hit” an opponent or contain markers (such as ink or color) to signal a “blow”.
10. Special Mats or Floors: If training includes throwing or techniques on the ground, proper mats can prevent injury.
11. Objectives or Dummy: Anatomical models or punching bags can be used to practice knife techniques on a static lens.
12. Carrying Bags: Special bags can be used to safely transport and store all equipment.

It is essential that equipment is well maintained and checked regularly to ensure it remains safe. Even with the safest equipment, it is essential to remember that knife fencing, even in a training context, presents risks. Therefore, it is always best to train under the guidance of a qualified instructor and in a controlled environment.

Studying short knife fencing, like studying other martial arts or fighting disciplines, can lead to several benefits and reasons of interest. Here are some of the reasons and advantages:

1. Self-defense: The ability to defend oneself is one of the most obvious reasons to study any martial art. Knowing knife fencing techniques can prepare you to defend yourself in situations where a knife is present.
2. Discipline and Concentration: As with many martial arts, regular practice requires and instills considerable discipline and concentration, which can also be transferred to other areas of life.
3. Physical Improvement: Knife fencing requires speed, agility, coordination and reflexes. Regular practice can improve fitness, flexibility and endurance.
4. Mental Improvement: In addition to physical appearance, knife fencing also requires considerable mental acumen, quick decisions and evaluation of situations. This can sharpen cognitive abilities and the ability to make decisions under pressure.
5. History and Culture: Knife fencing has roots in different cultures and traditions. Studying can lead to a deep appreciation of the history and culture of these disciplines.
6. Art: Some see knife fencing not only as a form of combat, but also as an art. Precision, grace and technique can be appreciated from an aesthetic point of view.
7. Community: Training in a school or dojo often leads to developing bonds with other students and instructors. This can create a feeling of belonging and community.
8. Confidence: Knowing that you have the ability to defend yourself and the discipline to control those abilities can lead to an increase in self-confidence.
9. Stress Management: Physical practice combined with mental focus can be an effective means of managing and reducing stress.
10. Personal Interest: For some, there may simply be a personal interest or curiosity about the discipline.

However, it is essential to remember that while knife fencing can offer many benefits, it also brings responsibility. The techniques learned are life-threatening, and misuse or irresponsible use can lead to serious consequences. Therefore, those who study knife fencing should do so with respect, responsibility and under the guidance of qualified instructors.

Short knife fencing, like many martial arts and fighting disciplines, has received several criticisms or concerns over the years. Some of the most common criticisms include:

1. Real Effectiveness: There are doubts about the real effectiveness of knife fencing in real combat situations, especially when compared to other self-defense techniques or the raw reality of knife brawls.
2. Risk of Injury: Even with proper equipment, the practice of knife fencing presents an inherent risk of injury, given the nature of the weapon.
3. Glorification of Weapons: Some critics argue that teaching and practicing techniques with white weapons could glorify or normalize the use of weapons in conflict situations, rather than promote peaceful dispute resolution.
4. Accountability: There is concern that individuals may abuse learned skills, using them irresponsibly or maliciously.
5. Unregulated Training: There is no standardized or universally recognized system for the certification of knife fencing instructors. This can lead to formations of varying and potentially dangerous quality.
6. Distance from Reality: Some teaching techniques or methods may be considered “too choreographic” or not adequately anchored to the realities of knife fighting.
7. Emphasis on Duel: While knife fencing may emphasize the aspect of duel or one-on-one combat, real-world situations may not reflect this dynamic, making some techniques less useful in real-world scenarios.
8. Cost and Marketing: Like many modern martial arts, there is a concern about marketing and the costs associated with training, equipment, and certifications.

It is important to note that while these critiques may have a basis in certain contexts or schools of thought, there are also many people and organizations within the knife fencing community that take the safety, effectiveness and accountability of their art very seriously.

As always, when considering starting a new course of study or discipline, it is important to do proper research and find qualified and respected instructors in their community.