Parole usate nelle arti marziali filippine.

Le arti marziali filippine, conosciute collettivamente come Filipino Martial Arts (FMA), rappresentano un ricco e diversificato insieme di sistemi di combattimento che sono profondamente radicati nella cultura e nella storia delle Filippine.

Queste arti marziali, note per la loro enfasi sulle armi, in particolare su bastoni e coltelli, si distinguono per la loro praticità e efficacia in situazioni di combattimento reale.

Originariamente sviluppate per la difesa in un contesto di continue lotte tribali e resistenza coloniale, le FMA hanno evoluto nel tempo integrando influenze sia indigene che esterne.

Oggi, queste arti includono una varietà di stili e tecniche, che vanno dal combattimento a mani nude a quello con armi, dalla lotta al combattimento a distanza.

La pratica delle FMA non si limita solo all’aspetto fisico del combattimento; essa inculca anche principi di disciplina, rispetto e crescita personale.

Gli studenti delle FMA apprendono non solo come maneggiare diverse armi o difendersi, ma anche come applicare queste lezioni alla vita quotidiana, promuovendo così un senso di responsabilità e integrità.

Questa introduzione mira a esplorare i vari aspetti delle arti marziali filippine, dando un’occhiata alla loro storia, ai principi fondamentali, e ad alcuni dei termini più comuni usati in queste discipline.

Parole usate nelle arti marziali filippine.

Questa lista è fatta per quanto più precisa possibile ma considera che ci possono essere diverse differenze nella terminologia a causa del gran numero di dialetti presenti nelle Filippine, così come il numero di sistemi FMA che esistono oggi.

La maggior parte di questi termini sono universali nelle arti filippine, mentre altri possono essere trovati solo in alcuni sistemi FMA.

Parole usate nelle arti marziali filippine:

Lettera A

• Abang: Attesa in posizione difensiva.
• Abanico: Ventaglio; termine usato anche come “abaniko”, che descrive una tecnica di colpo simile a un movimento di ventaglio.
• Abanico sa Itaas: Volano superiore, una tecnica specifica di colpo.
• Abecedario: “ABC”, le basi; si riferisce ai fondamenti di un’arte marziale.
• Abierta: Posizione aperta.
• Agaw: Afferrare, sequestrare, disarmare o togliere.
• Agaw-Sandata: Disarmo e recupero dell’arma.
• Aldabis: Taglio diagonale, colpo o montante.
• Alpabeto: Alfabeto; un altro termine per indicare le basi.
• Anim: Sei.
• Anino: Ombra.
• Antas: Livello o grado.
• Antaw: Lungo raggio.
• Apat: Quattro.
• Araw: Sole o giorno.
• Arnis: Arnés in spagnolo, significa armatura; un’arte marziale del nord delle Filippine.
• Arnisador: Combattente con bastone.
• Arnis de Mano: “Armatura della Mano”; un sistema di arti marziali.
• Atras: Ritirata o indietro.
• Avante: Avanti.

Lettara B

• Babag…..worry; trouble
• Bago…..new or before
• Bagong-Pasok…..entry level student
• Bagsak…..to drop; overhead strike with down weighing
• Baguhan…..beginner
• Bahi…..a Philipine hardwood used for sticks
• Baitang…..level or stages
• Bakbakan…..a rumble or free-for-all fight
• Balaraw…..dagger
• Baligtad…..reverse or inside out
• Bali…..break
• Balik…..return or retreat
• Balisong…..”butterfly knife”
• Balitok…..tumble
• Banatan…..full-contact fighting
• Bansay-bansay…..training or drills
• Bantay…..guard or watch
• Bantay-Kamay…..support or “alive” hand
• Bara-bara…..wild or formless technique
• Baraw…..dagger
• Bartikal…..vertical cut/strike
• Basag…..broken
• Baston…..stick
• Bati-Bati…..using the butt of the stick
• Batikan…..noteworthy; certified expert
• Baywang…..the hip
• Bigay…..to give
• Bigay-bali…..lock release technique
• Bigay-galang…..salutation
• Bihasa…..expert
• Binahagi…..cut into parts
• Binali…..break or reverse
• Bisig…..the arm
• Bothan…..Martial Arts school
• Braso…..the arm
• Buah…..combination of footwork and form; application of technique
• Buhat…..from or lift
• Buhat Araw…..an overhead strike
• Bukas…..open position
• Buklis…..upward figure 8
• Bulusok…..powerful overhead or diagonal strike
• Buno…..takedown or throws
• Bunot…..to draw a sword; to pluck out
• Bunot Kaluban…..an upward slash followed by a downward slash; a drawing and slashing technique

Lettera C

• Caballero….techniques from Grandmaster Caballero
• Carera…..cycling movement or spin
• Cadena de Mano…..chain of hands
• Centro…..center
• Centro Baston…..holding the stick in the middle
• Cerrada…..close; closed fighting position
• Cinco…..five
• Cinco Teros…..”5 strikes”
• Contra…..counter
• Contrada…..opposite or counter
• Corto…..close range
• Cruzada…..cross-block and strike
• Crossada…..to cross
• Cuatro…..four

Lettera D

• Daga…..dagger or short stick
• Dakop….to catch
• Dakot…..to scoop
• Dalawa…..two
• Dalawampu…..twenty
• Dalawampu’t Isa…..twenty-one
• Dalawang…..double
• Dakip…..capture
• Dakip-Diwa…..mind-set
• Damdam…..feel or sensitivity
• Damdam-Diwa…..sensitivity; being aware
• de Cadena…..”the chain”
• de Cuerdas…..”to chord”; system
• Defundo…..stationary
• Delikado…..dangerous
• Depensa…..defense; person taking defensive role in training
• Dib-dib…..the chest
• Diin…..to put pressure on
• Dikitan…..very close or close quarters
• Diwa…..mind
• Djuru…..form
• Doble…..double
• Doble Baston…..double stick training
• Doblete…..double or repeat
• Doce Pares…..”12 pairs or 12 strikes”; system
• Dos…..two
• Dos Labahas…..two blades
• Dos Manos…..two hands
• Dos Manos Largos…..two hands with long stick
• Dukop…..to catch
• Dukot…..to snatch or seize unexpectedly
• Dukot…..to reach out
• Dulo…..the tip of the stick
• Dumog…..filipino grappling art
• Dungab…..to strike with the fist
• Dungab…..”heaven” or “hammer” grip
• Duslak…..thrust

Lettera E

• Elastico…..”rubber band art”; system
• Enganyo…..fake or feint
• Entrada…..entry
• Equis…..”X” or “X” shaped strike
• Eskrima…..”skirmish”; filipino martial art
• Eskrimador…..stick fighter
• Espada…..sword or long stick
• Espada y Daga…..sword & dagger or long & short stick
• Estrilla…..star

Lettera F

• No terms found.

Lettera G

• Galang…..respect
• Galing…..skillfull
• Gantihan…..exchange of blows
• Garote…..stick; usually flat to simulate a blade
• Garote’ng…..itak flat stick
• Gitna…..center
• Gunting…..”scissors” or passing block with a limb destruction
• Guro…..teacher

Lettera H

• Habang…..while; in the meantime
• Hagad-Hubad…..strikes & counters
• Hagis…..to throw; a throwing technique
• Hagibis……whirlwind; throwing & grappling techniques
• Hakbang…..to step; footwork
• Hakbang-Paiwas…..full side step/step to avoid strike
• Halo-Halo…..combination; free flow sparring
• Hanay…..row or line
• Han-ay…..form
• Handa…..”Get ready !”
• Hapos…..strike or slash
• Hapsanay…..free sparring
• Hatak…..to pull
• Hataw…..a full power strike
• Hawak…..to hold
• Hawak-Gitna…..holding the stick in the middle
• Hawak-Pakal…..reverse or ice-pick grip
• Hawak-Punyo…..regular hold on weapon with punyo
• Hawak-Sagad…..regular grip with no punyo
• Hawak-Saksak…..regular or hammer grip
• Hawak-Sandata…..methods of holding a weapon
• Hawak-Susi…..reverse grip; holding at tip of stick
• Higot…..to tie
• Hindi…..no or negative
• Hintay…..wait or pause
• Hiwa…..to slash or cut
• Hubad…..to untie or undress; name of a flow drill
• Hulagpos…..to escape from capture or restraint

Lettera I

• Ibaba…..down or below
• Ibabaw…..above or on-top
• Ikot…..turn or about-face
• Ikot-Hantaw…..spinning strike
• Ilag…..to evade
• Ilalim…..under or underneath
• Ilustrisimo…..techniques from Grandmaster Anotio Ilustrisimo
• Insayo’ng…..training
• Ipit…..to lock, trap or jam
• Ipit-Hagis…..a sacrifice throwing technique
• Isang…..single
• Itaas…..above, upper or to the front
• Itak…..long sword or bolo
• Isa…..one
• Isa-pa…..once more; again; one more time
• Iwas…..to avoid, dodge or duck

Lettera J

• Juego Todo…..anything goes or free-for-all fight

Lettera K

• Kaayusan…..order or organization
• Kabakas…..partner or assistant
• Kadena…..chain or series of movements
• Kadyot…..a shallow, snap thrust
• Kalahati…..half
• Kalas…..disengage, release or disarm
• Kalas-Sandata…..disarming technique
• Kalasag…..to shield
• Kali…..a southern Philippine martial art
• Kalis…..oldest of the Philippino style kris swords; wavey back half, straight front half
• Kaliwa…..left side
• Kamagoong…..Philipine iron wood
• Kamay…..the hand
• Kamayan…..empty-hand training
• Kamot…..to punch; hand
• Kanan…..right side
• Kapatid…..brother
• Kasa…..to cock or chamber; to accept a challenge
• Kasama…..companion/friends
• Karunungan…..knowledge
• Katapatan…..loyalty
• Katawan…..body or torso
• Katipunan…..organization, association or brotherhood
• Kenkoy…..derogatory term used for unrealistic or impractical styles of fighting
• Kilat…..”Lightning Blow”
• Kilos…..movement
• Kilos-Paa…..footwork
• Kina-Iya…..natural
• Kris…..serpentine blade knife or sword
• Kunsi…..grappling techniques
• Kuntao…..”fist way”; system

Lettera L

• Labaha…..blade
• Labahas…..blades
• Laban…..to fight
• Laban-Handa…..ready-stance
• Laban-Laro…..combat drills or “play fights”
• Labanang…..to fight
• Labanang-Dikitan…..close quarters combat
• Labanang-Malapitan…..medium range combat
• Labanang-Malayuan…..long range combat
• Laban-Paluan…..free-fighting
• Laban-Sanay…..combat-skills training
• Labas…..the outside
• Labing-Isa…..eleven
• Labo-labo…..anything-goes fight
• La Contra…..to meet a strike
• Lakan…..an instructor rank equivalent to black belt
• Langka…..footwork
• Lansi…..to confuse or misdirect
• Lansing-Tadyak…..spinning thrust kick
• Lansing-Sikad…..spinning snap kick
• Largo…..long
• Largo Mano…..long range
• Largos…..long
• Laro…..to play
• Laro-laro…..give and take drills or training
• Larong…..to play
• La Seguida…..to follow a strike
• Laslas…..to cut to shreds
• Lastiko…..a style of arnis that emphasizes bobbing & weaving toavoid strikes
• Lengua de Fuego…..a fast series of thrust & slash techniques
• Lihim…..secret
• Lihis…..to the side or side-step
• Likos…..twirl
• Lima…..five
• Liyad…..to lean away
• Lock & Block…..training drill from Serrada Eskrima
• Loob…..the inside
• Lubud…..to blend
• Luma…..old
• Lusob…..attack or partner taking offensive role in the training
• Lutangto…..float; the unique forward and backward footwork of the Ilustrisimo system

Lettera M

• Mabilis…..fast or speedy
• Magaling…..highly skilled
• Magisa…..alone
• Mag-Olisi…..one who practices stick-fighting
• Magulang…..parents; shrewd or sly
• Mahina…..weak or of poor skills
• Maharlika…..noble or nobility
• Mahusay…..skillful
• Malakas…..strong, powerful or influential
• Malapitan…..near or close
• Malayuan…..far or distant
• Mandirigma…..warrior
• Mano…..hand
• Mano y Mano…..hand to hand
• Marami…..many or numerous
• Maraming Salamat Po…..”Many thanks”
• Marunong…..knowledgeable
• Masipag…..earnest or hard working
• Masugid…..dedicated or loyal
• Matibay…..strong, durable or lasting
• Matira…..to be left or to be the last
• Matira Matibay…..Survival of the Fittest
• Matulis…..sharply pointed; a style of bolo
• Mayto…..have
• May-Alam…..to posses the seeds of knowledge
• Medio…..medium range
• Meteorica…..meteoric strike from Grandmaster Caballero
• Mukha…..the face
• Muli…..again or one more time

Lettera N

• Nakahanda…..ready
• Naka-Upo…..seated
• Nakaw…..to steal
• Ng…..of

Lettera O

• Olisi…..stick
• Olisi-hay…..sparring with sticks
• Opo…..respectful form of saying “yes”
• Oracion…..a prayer for protection
• Ordabis…..backhand strike

Lettera P

• Paa…..foot
• Paayon…..going with the force
• Paawas…..to parry
• Pababa…..downward
• Pag-Galang…..salutation or show of respect
• Pagsasanay…..training
• Pagsilang…..birth or sunrise
• Pagsisisi…..atonement or repentance
• Pahimsug…..exercises or calisthenics
• Pahisa…..a slashing motion
• Paikot…..rotate
• Paikot…..circular strike
• Paiwas…..to avoid
• Pakal…..”ice pick” grip
• Palad…..palm of the hand
• Palakas…..strengthening
• Palakas-Pulso…..wrist-strengthening exercises
• Palis…..sweep or sweeping parry
• Palis-Patid…..a sweeping throw
• Palisut…..to scoop
• Palisut-sut…..skipping strike
• Palit…..change or exchange
• Palit-Kamay…..change or exchange grip
• Palitan…..alternating
• Palo…..to strike
• Paluan…..exchange of strikes
• Palusut…..to pass through; technique of evading and passing through
• Pama-a…..footwork
• Panabas…..ax style weapon
• Pananandata…..study of the weapons of the Philippines
• Panastas…..to slash
• Panata…..a devotion
• Pangamot…..empty-hand defense
• Pangandam…..on-guard or ready position
• Pang-Ikyas evasion or dodge
• Pangilog…..disarming
• Pang-Olisi…..stick fighting
• Pang-Ubot…..hold or grip
• Panibago…..new or a revival
• Pani-il…..footwork
• Panimban…..balance
• Panipis…..to skim or cut thinly
• Panukad…..fighting stance
• Parusa…..punishment
• Pasada de Contra…..pass and hit
• Pasok…..to enter, inside or on target
• Pasulong…..forward
• Pasungkit…..to thrust upward
• Pataas…..upward
• Patalim…..dagger or blade weapon
• Patalon…..jumping or multi-level strikes
• Patibong…..to trap
• Patid…..to trip
• Patusok…..in a thrusting motion
• Paulit-ulit…..repetitive
• Pa-upo…..half side step/sitting down
• Pauyon…..go-with-the force technique
• Payong…..umbrella
• Payong sa Itaas…..upper umbrella block
• Pekiti…..close range
• Piga…..to squeeze or wring
• Piglas…..to struggle or resist
• Pikon…..one who is easily upset
• Piktos…..a snap strike
• Pilay…..sprain or dislocation; lame or crippled at the legs
• Pinahandog…..diagonal downward strike
• Pinatag…..horizontal strike
• Pinasaka…..diagonal upward strike
• Pinasaka Tuhod…..rising knee strike
• Pinatindog…..vertical downward strike
• Pingga…..a long staff fighting system
• Pinid…..closed position
• Pintok…..a wrist snap strike
• Pinuti…..long Visayan sword
• Pito…..seven
• Planchada…..a horizontal strike
• Plansada…..horizontal cut/strike
• Pluma…..pen
• Po…..a suffix denoting respect
• Prakcion…..to react faster than the opponent
• Pukpok…..to hammer or pummel
• Pulso…..pulse or wrist
• Puluhan…..handle or butt
• Punong Guro…..head teacher & founder of system
• Punyo…..butt of stick or any weapon

Lettera Q

• No terms found.

Lettera R

• Redonda…..continuous double stick technique
• Redondo…..circular power strike
• Retirada…..to retreat
• Rompida…..an upward and downward slash
• Ronda…..circular movement of the hands or weapon
• Ropillon…..a double stick technique or movement

Lettera S

• Sa…..to or of
• Sabayan…..Simultaneous; to attack or counter at the same time
• Sablay…..Incomplete or imperfect; a low right to left horizontal…..blow
• Saboy…..to throw or scatter; an upward right to left diagonal strike
• Sadang…..reverse position
• Sagang…..defense
• Sagasa…..to charge or to overrun
• Sakay…..to ride or go with the force
• Sakay-Salag…..eskrima sticky hands; to follow the motion of the blocked/ checked weapon or attack
• Sakong…..heel
• Sakong-Palad…..palm-heel
• Saksak…..to thrust
• Sasak Hatak…..a technique using fast withdrawal and twisting of the weapon to inflict a cut on the opponents checking or blocking hand
• Salag…..block or parry
• Salagba…..downward block
• Salagbas…..outside dodging and parrying
• Salag-Bisig…..forearm block
• Salagsok…..inside dodging and parrying
• Salagtas…..upward block
• Salakay…..to charge or attack
• Salamat…..to thank
• Salamin…..mirror or reaction drill
• Salisi…..opposing or opposite direction
• Salok…..an upward strike with the edge or point
• Saltik…..a snap strike
• Salubong…..to meet head-on
• Sama…..to join or go with
• Sambut…..combination of footwork & form; application of technique
• Sampu…..ten
• Sanay…..training or exposure
• Sandata…..weapon
• Sangga…..to block
• Saplet…..quick disarm
• Sawali…..interwoven slats of wood use for walls
• Serada…..closed
• Serrada…..close quarters or “closing”
• Sibat…..staff
• Sibog…..retreat or backward
• Sikad…..side kick
• Sikad-Gilid…..side snap kick
• Sikad-Hataw…..snap roundhouse kick
• Sikad-Sungkite…..snap hook kick
• Sikad-Tusok…..front snap kick
• Sikaran…..a Philippine martial art emphasizing kicking skills
• Siklod…..to kiss the hand of an elder; a wrist lock
• Siklod Bangga…..a wrist lock that uses the shoulder as a leverage point
• Sikmura…..solar plexus
• Siko…..the elbow
• Sikot…..push kick
• Sikwat…..to pry; an upward strike with the punyo
• Sikwat-Siko…..a come-along lock with the elbow as the primary lock or center of pressure
• Silat…..to outmaneuver or overpower; an Indonesian martial art
• Silak…..open-hand system used against a blade (Sayoc Kali)
• Sinawalli…..to weave; a continuous double stick technique
• Sinigurato…..make doubly sure; a follow-up trapping or jamming technique (Lameco Eskrima)
• Sipa…..to kick; also a game
• Sipalit…..a training drill for alternating kicks
• Sipang-Hataw…..roundhouse kick
• Siyam…..nine
• Sogo…..finger-tip thrust
• Solo…..single
• Songab…..finger jab
• Songkiti…..a hooking movement used to parry or thrust
• Suklian…..an exchange of strikes
• Suko…..to surrender or give-up
• Sulod…..to enter
• Sulong…..to go forward or go ahead
• Suliwa…..pass or deflect
• Sumbalik…..counter
• Sumbrada…..upper umbrella block; name of a flow drill
• Sumpa…..a vow or oath
• Sungkite…..a technique that emphasizes thrusts
• Sundot…..a jab or quick thrust
• Suntok…..to punch
• Suplete…..quick disarm
• Suwag…..head-butt
• Suyop…..a go with the force technique

Lettera T

• Tabas Talahib…..a horizontal strike
• Tabak-Toyok…..nunchaku
• Tadtad…..full of or multiples of
• Tadyak…..thrust kick
• Tadyak-Gilid…..side thrust kick
• Tadyak-Sakong…..back thrust kick
• Tadyak-Tusok…..front thrust kick
• Taga…..to strike or cut
• Tagang Alanganin…..an outwards horizontal strike aimed at the upper torso region
• Tagang Buhat Araw…..an overhead strike aimed at the top of the head
• Tagang Pasumala…..primarily a parry, a sweeping upward diagonal strike used to deflect a weapon
• Tagang San Miguel…..a diagonal downward and inward strike aimed at the upper torso
• Tagapagsanay…..trainer or assistant instructor
• Tagapagturo…..senior assistant instructor
• Tala…..star
• Talang Bartikal…..vertical block
• Talas…..sharp or to sharpen
• Talas Damdam…..sensitivity training
• Tapa…..to step on the foot
• Tapi…..to parry or deflect
• Tapik…..to nudge, defelct or parry
• Tapi-on…..to block, parry, defelct or check
• Tapi-Tapi…..checking; a series of parries & blocks
• Tapos…..finished or the end
• Tatlo…..three
• Tatlumpu…..thirty
• Tatlumpu’t Isa…..thirty one
• Tatsulok…..triangle
• Taub…..facing downward
• Tayo…..stance
• Teka…..wait, halt or pause
• Tiempo…..timing
• Tigil…..stop or cease
• Tigpas…..a horizontal strike directed at the knees
• Tihaya…..facing upward
• Tiniklink…..footwork drill
• Tisod…..to stumble
• Totsada…..to thrust
• Totsar…..to thrust
• Trancada…..to lock or locks
• Tuhod…..the knee
• Tulisan…..the knife-fighting art of Kali Illustrisimo
• Tuloy-tuloy…..continuous
• Tunga-tunga…..medium range
• Tuo…..to the right
• Tusok…..to thrust
• Tuyok…..cycling movement or to spin

Lettera U

• Ulo…..the head
• Upo…..seat

Lettera V

• No terms found.

Lettera W

• Wala…..to the left; nothing; lost
• Walis…..to sweep
• Walo…..eight
• Warwok…..a weapon hand capture that rebounds the weapon into the attackers body
• Witik…..wrist snap strike

Lettera X

• No terms found.

Lettera Y

• Yabag…..the sound of footsteps
• Yabang…..show-off
• Yakap…..hug, hold, embrace or clinch
• Yantoc…..rattan stick
• Yukbo…..salutation
• Yuko…..to duck or bow

Lettera Z

• No terms found.

Numerazione in tagalog

1 – Isa

2 – Dalawa

3 – Tatlo

4 – Apat

5 – Lima

6 – Anim

7 – Pito

8 – Walo

9 – Siyam

10 – Sampu

11 – Labing-isa

12 – Labing-Dalawa

ecc.

Conclusioni

Le arti marziali filippine, conosciute come Filipino Martial Arts (FMA), offrono un panorama unico e affascinante nel mondo delle arti marziali.

La loro ricchezza e diversità si riflettono nell’ampia gamma di tecniche, stili e filosofie che comprendono.

Da sistemi incentrati sulle armi come Arnis, Eskrima e Kali, fino alle tecniche di combattimento a mani nude e alla lotta, le FMA incarnano un approccio olistico alla difesa personale e al benessere fisico e mentale.

L’adattabilità e la praticità delle FMA le rendono rilevanti non solo nelle Filippine, ma in tutto il mondo.

Questi sistemi di combattimento, nati da un contesto di resistenza e sopravvivenza, hanno dimostrato la loro efficacia in vari contesti, dalla difesa personale al combattimento militare e alla formazione delle forze dell’ordine.

Al di là delle tecniche fisiche, le FMA trasmettono valori di rispetto, disciplina e crescita personale, legando strettamente la pratica fisica al miglioramento morale e spirituale.

Le FMA rappresentano anche un ponte culturale, collegando le persone attraverso il loro interesse comune per l’apprendimento e la pratica di queste arti.

In un mondo che è sempre più connesso ma anche più complesso e sfidante, le FMA offrono non solo strumenti per la difesa personale, ma anche per la costruzione di una comunità e la comprensione interculturale.

In definitiva, le Filipino Martial Arts sono più di un semplice insieme di tecniche di combattimento; sono un viaggio di scoperta personale, un mezzo per esplorare i confini del potenziale umano, e un ponte per collegare il passato con il presente.

La loro pratica continua a ispirare e a influenzare individui in tutto il mondo, dimostrando che, anche se radicate nella storia e nella tradizione, le FMA rimangono eternamente rilevanti e in evoluzione.

Street Fight Mentality

Andrea